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Korean Name (English Name) Usual Stance: Stance Forward Hand Motion: Description of the motion of the hand corresponding to the leg stepping forward. Rear Hand Motion: Description of motion of the hand corresponding to the leg not stepping. Variations: Typical variations of this technique, including other stances, reverse techniques and common uses in forms. |
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Ah Ray Mocki (Low Block) Usual Stance: Front stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward fist comes up to the opposite shoulder, palm up. Bring the hand down (sweeping across the front of the body) and stop it over the foward knee. As the block ends, twist the wrist so the hand is palm down. The fist should hover about a hand's width above the forward knee. Rear Hand Motion: The rear hand blocks low in the center of the body until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. This gives the effect of the forward hand rubbing down the length of the rear hand during the block; an action which can be used to break out of a grab. Variations: When this technique is practiced in other stances, the blocking hand usually ends over the forward leg, and in the direction of the focus of the head. This is not always in front of the body. Also, this poom may occasionally be performed with a knife-hand instead of a fist. |
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Ah Ray Gi Rugi (Low Punch) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you finish your step forward into front stance, the forward hand (still palm up on the hip) drives foward toward the center of the body below the belt. As the arm almost straightens, the wrist twists so that the hand is palm down. Rear Hand Motion: The rear hand blocks low in the center of the body until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This punch can be executed from any stance either in front of the body or to the punching hand's corresponding side. This technique also can easily be executed as a reverse punch, where the rear hand punches instead of the forward hand. |
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Moom Tong Mocki (Middle Block) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand (palm down) comes across the waist and up to the opposite shoulder. From here, it swings out in front of the body, stopping in line with the forward shoulder. As it reaches its destination, the wrist twists so that the palm faces the body. Rear Hand Motion: The rear fist comes to the opposite shoulder, "hugging" the body protectively until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This technique can also be performed in other stances (see Side Middle Block, below). In these cases, the block is usually finished to the front (up the center bar) instead of in front of the body. Also, middle blocks can be performed to finish with the palm facing out, in which case it is commonly called a "forearm block". Also, this poom may occasionally be performed with a knife-hand instead of a fist. |
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Moom Tong Gi Rugi (Middle Punch) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you finish your step forward into front stance, the forward hand (still palm up on the hip) drives forward toward the center of the body at solar plexus height. As the arm almost straightens, the wrist twists so that the hand is palm down. Rear Hand Motion: The rear arm bends up to block the middle of the body until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This punch can be executed from any stance either in front of the body, to the punching hand's corresponding side or across the body to the opposite side. This technique also can easily be executed as a reverse punch, where the rear hand punches instead of the forward hand. Another variation on this technique is a "vertical punch", where the wrist twist at the end leaves the palm facing to the side instead of down. |
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Al Gool Mocki (High Block) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand (palm up) comes across the waist. The whole arm rises and in line with the top of the head. The forearm should be parallel to the ground. As the block finished, the wrist twists so that the palm is up. Rear Hand Motion: The rear elbow drops to a middle block until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This technique is rarely varied, but will sometimes be combined with other techniques. It almost always focuses in front of the body, as it would be awkward to perform in any other direction without either obstructing vision or twisting the shoulder. Also, this poom may occasionally be performed with a knife-hand instead of a fist. |
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Al Gool Gi Rugi (High Punch) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you finish your step forward into front stance, the forward hand (still palm up on the hip) drives forward toward the center of the body at upper-lip height (just under the nose). As the arm almost straightens, the wrist twists so that the hand is palm down. Rear Hand Motion: The rear arm bends, bringing the elbow down to block the middle of the body until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This punch can be executed from any stance either to the front of the body or to the corresponding side. This technique can easily be executed as a reverse punch, where the rear hand punches instead of the forward hand. |
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Sonnal Ahn Chigi (Inward Knife-Hand Strike) Usual Stance: Front Stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand comes up in a knife hand behind the corresponding ear and then circles out to the side and then in to the center of the body. The block is executed with the inward edge of the hand at the same level as a Middle Block. Rear Hand Motion: The rear fist comes to the opposite shoulder, "hugging" the body protectively until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: |
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Sonnal Pakot Chigi (Outward Knife-hand Strike) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand comes up in a knife hand behind the opposite ear (cupping the ear with the palm). As the step finishes, strike outward to the foward side, keeping hand and arm level. As the strike completes, twist the wrist so that the palm faces down. The forward arm should be almost straight and level with the shoulders. Rear Hand Motion: The rear hand holds position as a guard until the forward hand strikes. At this point, the elbow drives back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This technique can also be done in front stance, with the strike stopping in front of the corresponding shoulder. |
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Sonnal Pakot Mocki (Outward Knife-hand Block) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward knife hand (palm down) comes across the waist and up to the opposite shoulder. From here, it swings out in front of and then to the forward side of the body, stopping in line with the shoulders. As it reaches its destination, the wrist twists so that the palm faces away from the body. Rear Hand Motion: The rear fist comes to the opposite shoulder, "hugging" the body protectively until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This technique can also be performed in other stances. In these cases, the block is usually finished to the front (up the center bar) instead of to the side of the body. |
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Dul Sonnal Pakot Mocki (2-Hand Outward Knife-hand Block) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward knife hand (palm down) comes across the waist and up to the opposite shoulder. From here, it swings out in front of and then to the forward side of the body, stopping in line with the shoulders. As it reaches its destination, the wrist twists so that the palm faces away from the body. Rear Hand Motion: Simultaneously, the rear knifehand drops back behind the body (in a straight line with the body). As the block finishes, the rear hand comes up in front of the solar plexus, palm up (as though holding a cup of tea). Variations: Occasionally, this may be executed as a "low" block. In this case, the hands start high behind the body (instead of dropping the hands behind the body). The forward hand blocks low (as in the standard low block) in the forward direction. The rear hand ends in the same postion as with the normal variation of this poom. |
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Yup Moom Tong Mocki (Side Middle Block) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand (palm down) comes across the waist and up to the opposite shoulder. From here, it swings out in front of and then to the forward side of the body, stopping in line with the shoulders. As it reaches its destination, the wrist twists so that the palm the body. Rear Hand Motion: The rear fist comes to the opposite shoulder, "hugging" the body protectively until the end of the motion, at which point the elbow drives straight back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. Variations: This technique can also be performed in other stances (see Middle Block, above). In these cases, the block is usually finished to the front (up the center bar). Also, middle blocks can be performed to finish with the palm facing out, in which case it is commonly called a "forearm block". |
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Dul Yup Moom Tong Mocki (2-Hand Side Middle Block) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward fist hand (palm down) comes across the waist and up to the opposite shoulder. From here, it swings out in front of and then to the forward side of the body, stopping in line with the shoulders. As it reaches its destination, the wrist twists so that the palm faces the body. Rear Hand Motion: Simultaneously, the rear hand drops back behind the body (in a straight line with the body). As the block finishes, the rear hand comes up in front of the solar plexus, palm up. Variations: Occasionally, this may be executed as a "low" block. In this case, the hands start high behind the body (instead of dropping the hands behind the body). The forward hand blocks low (as in the standard low block) in the forward direction. The rear hand ends in the same postion as with the normal variation of this poom. |
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Moom Tong Ahn Mocki (Inward Middle Block) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step foward, the body stays facing the original direction (so that you are twisted at the waist). The foward hand comes up to Middle Block level, palm facing away from the body. As the step finishes, untwist the body, keeping the arm in place so that it blocks to the front. As the block finishes, twist the wrist so that the palm faces the body. Rear Hand Motion: As you step forward, keep the rear hand up in its blocking position. As the set finishes, drive the elbow back, bringing the fist to the corresponding hip, palm up. Variations: Occasionally, there is call for a "reverse inward middle block", in which case the rear hand executes the block up the bar. Most often, this is achieved by twisting the hips so they are either squared to the front or so that the rear hip is in front. |
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Dweet Chigi (Back-fist Strike) Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the front fist comes to the rear hip, palm down. As the step ends, arc the fist up and to the forward side, striking down with the back of the fist. It is important to keep the forearm and fist as close to the body as possible as it comes up (between the body and the rear arm), so as to hide its motion from an opponent. The forward arm ends in roughly the same position as it would in a Side Middle Block. Rear Hand Motion: The rear hand comes to the opposite shoulder, "hugging" the body, but stays just far enough away that the forward hand can pass between it and the body. As the strike ends, the rear elbow drives back and the fist comes to the hip, palm up. Variations: This strike can also be done in front stance, although there is less chance for the motion of the forward hand to be hidden. Another variation of this poom is an "outward" back-fist strike, in which the forward hand arcs out to the front and strikes vertically instead of horizontally. |
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Sonnal Pakot Chigi, Moom Tong Gi Rugi (aka. Yup Jin) (Outward Knife-Hand Strike, Reverse Punch; aka. "Side Thunder") Usual Stance: Back stance Forward Hand Motion: As you step forward, the forward hand comes up in a knife hand behind the opposite ear (cupping the ear with the palm). As the step finishes, strike outward to the foward side, keeping hand and arm level. As the strike completes, twist the wrist so that the palm faces down. The forward arm should be almost straight and level with the shoulders. Then, as the rear hand executes the reverse punch, the front elbow drives back and the fist comes to the corresponding hip, palm up. Rear Hand Motion: The rear hand holds position as a guard until the forward hand strikes. At this point, the elbow drives back and the fist comes (palm up) to the corresponding hip. When the forward hand finishes its strike, then the rear hand executes a reverse Middle Punch (punching without a step. Gi-yup on the punch. Variations: |
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Ap Oligi (Front Stretch) Usual Stance: Front stance Forward Foot Position: Ball-strike position Forward Foot Motion: The forward leg swings up in front of the body as high as your flexibility allows. When it reaches its peak, quickly bend at the knee and pull the foot back to the standing knee. Step the foot down into front stance. Hand Motion: As the forward foot is set down into front stance, execute simultaneous Middle Blocks with both hands. Variations: |
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Ap Chagi (Front Kick) Usual Stance: Front stance Forward Foot Position: Ball-strike position Forward Foot Motion: Bring the forward knee up so that the forward foot is next to the standing knee. Kick forward as high as your flexibility allows. When the foot reaches its peak, quickly pull the foot back to the standing knee. Step the foot down into front stance. Hand Motion: As the forward foot is set down into front stance, execute simultaneous Middle Blocks with both hands. Variations: This kick can also be executed in Back Stance. |
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Pon Doll Chagi (Crescent Kick) Usual Stance: Front stance Forward Foot Position: Knife-edge position Forward Foot Motion: Wrap the forward leg around the standing leg so that the forward foot is next to the outer side of the standing foot. Swing the leg in an arc so that it strikes the target (in the middle and in front of the body) at its peak. As soon as it strikes the target location, pull the foot back to the standing knee. Step the foot down into front stance. Hand Motion: As the forward foot is set down into front stance, execute simultaneous Middle Blocks with both hands. Variations: This kick can also be executed in Back Stance. |
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Yup Oligi (Side Stretch) Usual Stance: Side stance Forward Foot Position: Knife-edge position Foot Motions: Step the back foot up the bar wrapping in front of the forward foot. Swing the forward leg up to the side as high as flexibility allows. When the foot reaches its peak, quickly bend the knee and bring the foot back to the standing knee. Step the foot out into side stance. Hand Motion: Hands stay locked in a guard position - forward hand roughly in Two Hand Side Middle Block position, with the rear hand reaching closer to the forward hip. Variations: |
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Yup Chagi (Side Kick) Usual Stance: Side stance Forward Foot Position: Knife-edge position Foot Motions: Step the back foot up the bar wrapping in front of the forward foot. Pick up the forward knee so the forward foot is next to the standing knee. Kick the forward foot out to the side as high as flexibility allows. When the foot reaches its peak, quickly bend the knee and bring the foot back to the standing knee. Step the foot out into side stance. Hand Motion: Hands stay locked in a guard position - forward hand roughly in Two Hand Side Middle Block position, with the rear hand reaching closer to the forward hip. Variations: This kick can also be executed from Back Stance. Another variation is a "turning side kick", where the body turns to face the other direction, making the back foot into the forward foot before executing the side kick. |
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Toll Yoe Chagi (Round Kick) Usual Stance: Side stance Forward Foot Position: Heel-strike position (strike with the ball of the foot) Foot Motions: Point the forward foot up the bar. Pick up the back foot, bending the knee and holding the leg parallel to the floor. Pivot the upper body to the front. Finally, pivot the back leg around to kick. The foot instep should be parallel to the floor. Hand Motion: Hands should be in a guard position - forward hand roughly in Two Hand Side Middle Block position, with the rear hand reaching closer to the forward hip. When the upper body turns, this guard turns also and the rear hand becomes the forward hand. Variations: This kick can also be executed from Back Stance. |
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Dweet Chagi (Back Kick) Usual Stance: Side stance Forward Foot Position: Heel-strike position (strike with the heel) Foot Motions: Point the heel of the forward foot up the bar. Pick up the back foot and bring it to the standing knee, turning your back up the bar. Look up the bar over the rear shoulder. Kick the rear foot up the bar behind you. After striking the target, pull the foot back to the standing knee and pivot simultaneously so that the rear side becomes the forward side. Step the now-forward foot down into side stance. Hand Motion: While your back is turned up the bar, use your rear elbow to guard the corresponding side and the other arm follows it, the fist reaching over the opposite shoulder. Variations: This kick can also be executed from Back Stance. |